今天, the 12bet官方 研究所 released a new report examining the difference in small business outcomes based on the age and gender of small business owners. 研究, “性别, 年龄, 小企业财务成果,，揭示了保守的现金管理策略, 包括持有更多现金缓冲的能力, may play a key role in the survival of 企业 owned by women and entrepreneurs older than 55, despite experiencing lower revenues and slower growth than their younger and male counterparts.

“Cash management strategies and cash buffers are key to the survival of 小型企业, 这项新的研究表明这是正确的, especially when a business is experiencing lower revenues or slower growth,” said Diana Farrell, President and CEO, 12bet官方 研究所. "While women and older entrepreneurs may have lower revenues or slower growth, their conservative approaches to cash management appear to be paying off. Our hope is that this report can better inform policies that allow 小型企业 owned by women or people of all ages to make more substantial contributions to overall economic growth."

The report leverages 12bet官方’s unique transaction-level data to shed light on daily revenues, 费用, and financing flows to focus on the financial outcomes of a cohort of 138,000 firms founded in 2013 to observe their performance in their critical early years.

The report explores differences among small business outcomes by owner gender, 业主年龄及地理位置. 主要发现包括:

• 女性拥有的企业收入较低, experience slower growth and are less likely to receive external financing than their male counterparts. 尽管存在这些差异, women-owned 企业 have the same survival rates as 企业 owned by men.
  • Women start about 30 percent of firms, compared to 70 percent for men.
  • Women-owned 小型企业 have 34 percent lower first-year revenues than male-owned 小型企业 and experience slower growth—the median first-year revenue was about $50,为女性拥有的小型企业提供5万美元, 而男性经营的小企业只创造了75美元,第一年的收入是1000万. 第四年, 女性拥有的公司收入中值约为68美元,000, 与104美元相比,男性拥有的公司则是1000万.
  • Women-owned 小型企业 are underrepresented among firms that leverage external financing to drive growth—they represent only 18 percent of 小型企业 that experience financed growth.

• Firms with older founders (55+) have the highest survival rates but are the least likely to have 员工. They also have the largest cash buffer, a key factor in firm survival.
  • 一个30岁的人创办的公司通常有11个.1 percent predicted probability of exiting the marketplace after its first year, 而60岁老人创办的公司只有8分.只有2%的可能性.
  • Firms founded by owners 55+ have the most cash buffer days—a measure of 小型企业’ ability to withstand emergencies using cash balances. Firms with older owners held 17 cash buffer days, compared to 12 days held by owners younger than 35.
  • Only six percent of firms with older owners were employers, which is nearly two percentage points lower than the overall share of employer firms.

• 跨越地域和行业, there is significant variation in revenues of 小型企业 owned by women compared to those owned by men.
  • Firms founded by women were smaller than firms founded by men in every metropolitan area tracked, 虽然大小因地点而异. 在圣安东尼奥, new women-owned 小型企业 had 46 percent of the revenues of new male-owned 企业, whereas women-owned 小型企业 in Miami had 85 percent of the revenues of their male-owned counterparts.
  • While women were more likely to start 企业 in the personal services, 医疗保健服务, 零售和房地产行业, they still experienced smaller revenues than male-owned 企业 in those same industries.
  • In three male-dominated industries (high-tech manufacturing, 建筑及金属及机械), the relatively few women-owned 企业 had larger first-year revenues than male-owned firms.

The new research follows up on the 研究所’s July 2018 report, "Growth, Vitality, and Cash Flows: High-Frequency Evidence from 1 Million 小型企业es，这是对美国经济生命周期的首次深入研究.S. 小型企业, including the factors that lead to growth and failure among different kinds of 小型企业. 通过分析1的收入和现金流量.3 million 小型企业, the research revealed that although 小型企业 in the U.S. 是否经常被视为一个统一的部门, they are not; they vary in terms of growth, 员工, 现金流管理.